Colorectal surgery involves the diagnosis and treatment of disorders affecting the colon, rectum, and anus. This surgical specialty addresses conditions such as colorectal cancer, diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis), hemorrhoids, and anal fissures. Procedures may be performed using minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques or traditional open surgery, aiming to restore normal bowel function, relieve symptoms, and improve patient quality of life. Advances in surgical methods have enhanced outcomes, reduced recovery times, and minimized complications.

Colorectal Cancer – Malignant tumors in the colon or rectum requiring surgical removal.
Diverticulitis – Inflammation or infection of diverticula in the colon often needing surgical intervention.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) – Severe cases of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis that may require surgery.
Hemorrhoids – Enlarged or symptomatic hemorrhoids that do not respond to conservative treatments.
Anal Fissures – Chronic or severe tears in the lining of the anus requiring surgical repair.
Rectal Prolapse – Protrusion of the rectum through the anus necessitating surgical correction.
Colonic Polyps – Large or precancerous polyps that need to be surgically removed.

Colectomy – Surgical removal of part or all of the colon to treat cancer, diverticulitis, or other diseases.
Colostomy and Ileostomy – Creating an opening (stoma) for waste elimination when the colon or rectum is removed or bypassed.
Hemorrhoidectomy – Surgical removal of hemorrhoids that are severe or unresponsive to other treatments.
Rectopexy – Surgical fixation of a prolapsed rectum to restore normal anatomy.
Polypectomy – Removal of polyps from the colon or rectum, often done during colonoscopy or surgery.
Fistulotomy – Surgical treatment of abnormal connections (fistulas) between the rectum and surrounding tissues.
Anoplasty – Repair of the anal canal or anus to correct structural defects or injuries.

Clinical Evaluation – Comprehensive consultation including physical examination, colonoscopy, imaging (CT/MRI), and biopsy (if needed) to diagnose colorectal conditions like cancer, polyps, or inflammatory bowel disease.
Preoperative Planning – Detailed pre-surgical workup including blood tests, anesthesia clearance, and bowel preparation to ensure surgical safety and success.
Anesthesia Administration – General anesthesia is administered to ensure the patient remains pain-free and unconscious during the procedure.
Surgical Procedure – Performed using laparoscopic or open methods, this involves removal of the affected part of the colon or rectum and, if needed, creation of a temporary or permanent stoma.
Postoperative Monitoring – Patients are closely observed for bowel function, pain management, and recovery of digestive activity over the next few days.
Recovery & Follow-Up – Diet is gradually reintroduced. Long-term follow-up includes pathology review, stoma care (if applicable), and surveillance to prevent recurrence.