Metabolic surgery refers to surgical procedures primarily aimed at treating metabolic disorders, especially type 2 diabetes, by altering the gastrointestinal tract. These surgeries help improve insulin sensitivity, regulate blood sugar levels, and promote weight loss. Common metabolic surgeries overlap with bariatric procedures such as gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, which have shown significant benefits in managing diabetes and related conditions. Metabolic surgery offers patients an effective treatment option when conventional medical therapies have failed, improving overall metabolic health and reducing the risk of diabetes-related complications.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – Especially when poorly controlled with medications and lifestyle changes.
Obesity – Severe obesity contributing to metabolic complications.
Metabolic Syndrome – A cluster of conditions including high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol levels.
Insulin Resistance – When the body’s cells do not respond effectively to insulin.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) – Liver inflammation linked to metabolic dysfunction.
Hypertension – High blood pressure associated with metabolic disorders.
Dyslipidemia – Abnormal lipid levels contributing to cardiovascular risk.

Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass – Creates a small stomach pouch and reroutes intestines to improve glucose metabolism and reduce calorie absorption.
Sleeve Gastrectomy – Removes a portion of the stomach to restrict food intake and influence metabolic hormones.
Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch – Combines stomach reduction with intestinal bypass to maximize metabolic effects.
Adjustable Gastric Banding – Places an adjustable band on the stomach to limit food intake and aid metabolic control.
Mini-Gastric Bypass – A simplified gastric bypass procedure aimed at improving metabolic outcomes and weight loss.

Comprehensive Evaluation – Detailed assessment of obesity-related conditions such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome, along with blood tests and imaging studies.
Preoperative Preparation – Includes dietary modifications, medication review, and counseling on lifestyle changes. Patients may be advised to follow a low-calorie diet before surgery.
Anesthesia Administration – General anesthesia is administered to ensure the patient is fully asleep and pain-free during the surgery.
Surgical Procedure – Laparoscopic techniques are used to alter the gastrointestinal tract, commonly through gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy, to improve insulin sensitivity and promote weight loss.
Postoperative Care – The patient is monitored for vital signs, blood sugar levels, and early signs of complications. Initial recovery typically takes a few days in the hospital.
Long-Term Follow-Up – Ongoing medical follow-up includes nutritional guidance, lifestyle coaching, diabetes control, and weight maintenance support to ensure long-term success.